It’s not like the US rose in a vacuum. It sees impressive on its face and to some extent I believe it is, but it has more to do with being a resource rich nation (lots of plentiful raw material within our borders) and the fact the last time we had a foreign invasion was during the war of 1812.
We aren’t some near unbelievable anomaly of history, we built on our British roots
US businesses have had a much larger market to sell to, and that attracts investment and talent.
Charitable donations follow a similar pattern, the USA is a different system so not really comparable to some other developed countries which have public systems in place to cover these cases.
I don't think ASML was "funded" by American technology, it's actually ASML who has to pay for licencing...