For zsh users who like this idea and don't want to have to worry about anything leaving the device (not to insinuate that Atuin is doing anything below board, I don't think they are) I built my own version of this for myself called raven:
https://github.com/tylersaunders/raven
Raven has no sync component, stores your history in a sqlite, and never tries to move data off the device. It has a similar / large overlap in features with Atuin.
Sharing here in case anyone else could benefit from it, it only supports zsh for the moment since that's what I use.
Atuin is great though!
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