To "be informed" is like to take a look at a chess or go board: positions are clear, black and white pieces are here and there, but it takes skill to really understand the current dynamics of a game.
Add media bias ("let's show the board at this angle that looks better for our side") and now we have "informed" population that's being surprised by reality every day.
[start] data --(meaning/interpretation)--> information --(interpretation/understanding)-> knowledge ----> ...
probably more levels. At any step one can take action.. faster if more to the start but also less thoughtfull/"correct". primal instincts are at the start
the whole point of news-machine is to never get to beyond information.. same as <2sec video-frame switching..