The difficulties in search are almost entirely dealing with the large amounts of data, both logistically and in handling underspecified queries.
A DBMS-backed approach breaks down surprisingly fast. Probably perfectly fine if you're indexing your own website, but will likely choke on something the size of English wikipedia.
[1] The SeIRP e-book is a good (free) starting point https://ciir.cs.umass.edu/irbook/