How open-source are these glasses really? Are all software components compilable from source, or do they just publish an SDK Espressif-style?
Not really, despite the repo being named MentraOS, this repo seems to include only some mobile apps (that either run on a phone or on the glasses), some server code, and some SDKs.
Mentra glasses are likely running on a fork of AOSP, which is not in this repo.
AOSP (or even a minimal fork) is way too heavy to be running on the glasses. It looks like the firmware is quite minimal and the "OS" is the app.
https://github.com/Mentra-Community/MentraOS/tree/main/mcu_c...