There are three main categories of entry into a device via zero-days: WhatsApp/Signal, SMS/MMS, and Firefox/Chrome/Safari. If these can be isolated, entering a device could become harder.
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Edit:
Something like this, but for phones
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/applicati...
As for iOS, to my knowledge it doesn't allow for any such app segregation.
In general, we need stronger per-app isolation such that a zero-day affecting one app doesn't grant any access to anything else.
(Microsoft and security are distinct concepts, btw.)
"Expressive animations" are yet another vector because their rendering can be exploited.
As for MMS, it is a known prominent risk.
You can do tons of neat things with it. You can also cut off environment variables, cut off the x11 socket, only allow certain dbus channels, etc. You don't need a docker container or anything, Flatpak is a container technology.