Anaconda makes on the order of 100M a year “solving” data science package management. I would argue it has a significantly worse product, attacking a much smaller part of the ecosystem.
It seems easy to imagine Astral following a similar path and making a significant amount of money in the process.
I don't think Anaconda is targeting a smaller part of the ecosystem, rather a different but overlapping ecosystem (remember Anaconda does more than just Python, and there's more to data science than Python). Astral I suspect won't try to move outside of Python, which limits what its tools can be used for.