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Show HN: Semantic Calculator (king-man+woman=?)

(calc.datova.ai)
176 points nxa | 1 comments | 14 May 25 19:54 UTC | HN request time: 0.213s | source

I've been playing with embeddings and wanted to try out what results the embedding layer will produce based on just word-by-word input and addition / subtraction, beyond what many videos / papers mention (like the obvious king-man+woman=queen). So I built something that doesn't just give the first answer, but ranks the matches based on distance / cosine symmetry. I polished it a bit so that others can try it out, too.

For now, I only have nouns (and some proper nouns) in the dataset, and pick the most common interpretation among the homographs. Also, it's case sensitive.

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montebicyclelo ◴[14 May 25 21:41 UTC] No.43989512[source]▶
> king-man+woman=queen

Is the famous example everyone uses when talking about word vectors, but is it actually just very cherry picked?

I.e. are there a great number of other "meaningful" examples like this, or actually the majority of the time you end up with some kind of vaguely tangentially related word when adding and subtracting word vectors.

(Which seems to be what this tool is helping to illustrate, having briefly played with it, and looked at the other comments here.)

(Btw, not saying wordvecs / embeddings aren't extremely useful, just talking about this simplistic arithmetic)

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1. loganmhb ◴[15 May 25 14:09 UTC] No.43995277[source]▶
I once saw an explanation which I can no longer find that what's really happening here is also partly "man" and "woman" are very similar vectors which nearly cancel each other out, and "king" is excluded from the result set to avoid returning identities, leaving "queen" as the closest next result. That's why you have to subtract and then add, and just doing single operations doesn't work very well. There's some semantic information preserved that might nudge it in the right direction but not as much as the naive algebra suggests, and you can't really add up a bunch of these high-dimensional vectors in a sensible way.

E.g. in this calculator "man - king + princess = woman", which doesn't make much sense. "airplane - engine", which has a potential sensible answer of "glider", instead "= Czechoslovakia". Go figure.