My median Rust coding session isn't much different, I also write code that doesn't work, but it's caught by the compiler. Now, most people call this "fighting with the borrow checker" but I call it "avoiding segfaults before they happen" because when I finally get through the compiler my code usually "just works". It's that magical property Haskell has, Rust also has it to a large extent.
So then what's different about Rust vs. C++? Well Rust actually provides me a path to get to a working program whereas C++ just leaves me with an error message and a treasure map.
What this means is that although I'm a bad programmer, Rust gives me the support I need to build quite large programs on my own. And that extends to the crate ecosystem as well, where they make it very easy to build and link third party libraries, whereas with C++ ld just tells you that it had a problem and you're left on your own to figure out exactly what.