I used to do some web audio and tonejs works, but later switched to rust and glicol for sound synthesis.
For example, this handwritten dattorro reverb:
https://glicol.org/demo#handmadedattorroreverb
This karplus-stress-tester may also be interesting to you.
https://jackschaedler.github.io/karplus-stress-tester/
In short, I think to study more powerful physics synthesis, you need to consider the technology stack of
- rust -> wasm - audioworklet - sharedarraybuffer
Visual can rely on wgpu. Of course, webgl is enough in this case imho.
If it is purely desktop, you can consider using the physics library in bevy.