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Ask HN: How did the internet discover my subdomain?

287 points govideo | 1 comments | 06 Mar 25 22:34 UTC | HN request time: 0.21s | source

I have a domain that is not live. As expected, loading the domain returns: Error 1016.

However...I have a subdomain with a not obvious name, like: userfileupload.sampledomain.com

This subdomain IS LIVE but has NOT been publicized/posted anywhere. It's a custom URL for authenticated users to upload media with presigned url to my Cloudflare r2 bucket.

I am using CloudFlare for my DNS.

How did the internet find my subdomain? Some sample user agents are: "Expanse, a Palo Alto Networks company, searches across the global IPv4 space multiple times per day to identify customers' presences on the Internet. If you would like to be excluded from our scans, please send IP addresses/domains to: scaninfo@paloaltonetworks.com", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_7; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.20.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.20.8", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 9; Redmi Note 5 Pro) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.89 Mobile Safari/537.36",

The bots are GET requests which are failing, as designed, but I'm wondering how the bots even knew the subdomain existed?!

1. AtNightWeCode ◴[07 Mar 25 13:00 UTC] No.43289801[source]▶
Assuming this is not direct traffic to your IP people will say it is because of TLS logs. Maybe it is in your case. But if you spin up a CF worker on a subdomain to it you will also get hit by traffic immediately. And those certificates are wildcards. I think CF leaks subdomains in some cases. Never seen this behavior when using CF just as a DNS server though.