Another nit-pick: I don't think DeepSeek had 50k Hopper GPUs. Maybe they have 50k now after getting the world's attention and having national-sponsored grey market back them, but that 50k number is certainly dreamed-up. During the past year DeepSeek's intern recruitment ads always just mentioned "unlimited access to 10k A100s", suggesting that they may have very limited H100/H800s, and most of their research ideas were validated on smaller models on an Ampere cluster. The 10k A100 number matches with a cluster their parent hedge fund company announced a few years ago. All in all my estimation is they had more (maybe 20k) A100s, and single-digit thousands of H800s.