I don't get the argument for using web technologies to complicate this process. What does this added complexity solve? If anything, it slows the process and remove much needed features like auto-completions, snippets, and extensions. Also, it makes collaboration harder, since, most likely, others aren't familiar with your setup.
You only need to setup one environment once and use it forever with minor incremental improvements as tech evolves.
If you are a n/vim user, you can accomplish this by:
1- Data exploration: text -> jupyter notebook via https://github.com/untitled-ai/jupyter_ascending that uses jupytext. This way, you can efficiently edit and run code from your text editor.
2- Writing: you can use https://github.com/lervag/vimtex for LaTeX
On top of these, you can use tmux with tmuxp to open projects instantly.
You can have a seamless process with Emacs using org mode [1] [2] and/or Auctex.
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