This may explain why since iOS18 my device randomly reboots (albeit only takes max 5 seconds). I am a daily user so perhaps the reboot I experience is a bug.
replies(3):
SpringBoard is the process that shows the home screen, and does part of the lifecycle management for regular user apps. (i.e. if you tap an icon, it launches the app, if you swipe it away in the app switcher, it closes the app)
It is restarted to make certain changes take effect, like the system language. In the jailbreaking days, it was also restarted to make certain tweaks take effect. Of course, it can also just crash for some reason (which is likely what is happening to you)