Steve Ballmer was an underrated CEO

Having spent some time at the Microsoft campus, I can tell you this is basically the consensus view from employees today. Ballmer was not a cool, trendy, or fun CEO who people rallied behind - but he more or less "got the job done". He was the captain of a massive ship with a turning radius the size of a continent guiding it through icebergs.

Azure's success was specifically set in motion under Ballmer. Owed to the fact that it was developed to Microsoft's strengths (enterprise support) that it didn't piss off too many of their partners and sales channels. Same with Office 365 and all of their other successful services. None are glamourous - but all are impressive with how not awful they are given their design constraints.

Even things like Surface, while considered a failure, did its intended job of getting hardware partners to get their act together and make better consumer products.

Azure happened because of Nadella (who led the project) despite Ballmer.

Scott Guthrie is the one who drove Azure.

Dated 2013, a year before Nadella became CEO:

https://www.change.org/p/the-microsoft-board-of-directors-as...

Azure existed long before ScottGu took over. It started with dueling projects from Ray Ozzie’s world and Bob Muglia’s world. Ray had great ideas but no idea how to run something like Azure at scale. Bob brought the enterprise mindset and retooled it, and of course Scott owns the lion’s share of the credit for its growth and technical qualities.