The background color would be its own "item."
I actually came across this site because I was looking for an example for a proposal for a fun project for this guy: https://youtu.be/1kjvgWBHzec (he tried a couple of non-programming video editing methods to achieve the zoom effect.)
making each image a separate file was not very efficient for basically every reason. i ended up writing my own streamable archive format called an "asset bundle". it is essentially all resources concatenated.
that code is public -> https://github.com/paperdave/assetbundle
the scale of the universe webapp loads all the assets, but then pixi.js objects are dynamically created and destroyed depending on the scale. i never fully verified but i hope does the right thing and keeps sprite data out of vram when it's not needed.