Always Multiply Your Estimates by π (2013)

That's interesting becase x3 is one of the axis of the famouse "from code to software product" chart from Fred Brooks "Mythical Man Month". But there are two of them, so really it's x9, almost an order of magnitude.

Aerospace says π, but they do separate normalization of time and costs:

> 29. (von Tiesenhausen's Law of Program Management) To get an accurate estimate of final program requirements, multiply the initial time estimates by pi, and slide the decimal point on the cost estimates one place to the right.

https://spacecraft.ssl.umd.edu/old_site/academics/akins_laws...