In the case of the Fourier transform, it maps from time domain to frequency domain. In the frequency domain, we can see the amplitude (count) of the signal at each frequency.
Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Especially considering that a decent fraction of the CS/ML researchers that I know have solid physics and math backgrounds. Just of the top of my head, Marcus Hutter, David MacKay, Bernhard Scholkopf, Alex Smola, Max Welling, Christopher Bishop, etc. are/were prominent researchers with strong math and physics backgrounds. More recently Jared Kaplan and Dario Amodei at Anthropic also have physics backgrounds, as well as plenty of people at DeepMind.
To claim that you have noticed something in "100 years of physics and math research" that all of those people (and more) have missed and you didn't is pure hubris.
Cliche phrase is cliche. And yeah, no shit, we are working on it.
Re: your other points: cool, yeah there are people in ML that studied physics. Do you feel like much of physics has made it to ML? Do we have scalable energy-based models? If not, why not?